Plus: The Book

The Grammar section of this manual is divided into three parts: Orthography and Pronunciation, Syntax, and Paradigms. This division is for ease of subsequent reference, and it is not intended that you should read straight through each part in the order given here. Those paragraphs which are of special importance for beginners, and which should be studied first, are marked by an initial asterisk, eg. *5. A few sections of extra significance are marked by TWO asterisks, eg. **7. Cross-references are given at various points. Those of you working without a teacher should refer to Appendix 2

To access the exercises, press on the Exercises menu item to the left.

Orthography and Pronunciation

• Introduction
• The alphabet
• Vowels
• Consonants

Syntax Overview

• Introduction
• The Noun Phrase: Case
• The Noun Phrase: Agreement, Number, Gender
• Pronouns, Adjectives, Numerals
• Genitive and Prepositional Phrases
• The Verb Phrase
• Sentence Structure: Word Order
• Sentence Structure: Some Special Features
• Sentence Structure: More about Subordinate Clauses

Paradigms

• Introduction
• Noun Declensions
• Masculine and Feminine
• Neuter and –an Declensions
• Irregular Declensions
• General Comments on Nouns
• Pronouns
• Determiners
• Adjectives
• Comparison of Adjectives, Adverbs
• Verbs
• More about Verbs
• Numerals